CNN2 Human

Human calponin 2 is a 33.7-kDa protein consisting of 309 amino acids with an isoelectric point (pI) of 7.23, which is why it is also known as neutral calponin . The recombinant form of this protein is often expressed in Escherichia coli and is available with a purity of over 95%, making it suitable for various applications such as SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry .

Calponin 2 plays a crucial role in the regulation and modulation of smooth muscle contraction. It is capable of binding to actin, calmodulin, and tropomyosin. The interaction of calponin with actin inhibits the actomyosin Mg-ATPase activity, which is essential for muscle contraction .

Calponin 2 is expressed in a broad range of tissues and cell types, including:

• Developing and remodeling smooth muscle
• Adult mature smooth muscle
• Epidermal keratinocytes
• Fibroblasts
• Lung alveolar cells
• Endothelial cells
• Myeloid white blood cells
• Platelets
• B lymphocytes
• Myoblasts

These cell types can be classified into three categories:

1. Cells under high mechanical tension (e.g., smooth muscle in the wall of hollow organs, epithelial and endothelial cells)
2. Cells with high rates of proliferation (e.g., myoblasts)
3. Actively migrating cells (e.g., fibroblasts and macrophages) .

Recombinant human calponin 2 is used in various research applications, including studies on muscle contraction, cell motility, and cytoskeleton organization. It is also utilized in biochemical assays and structural studies due to its ability to bind actin and other proteins .

Calponin isoforms are conserved proteins, with calponin 2 showing divergence from calponin 1 and calponin 3 mainly in the C-terminal variable region. The phylogenetic lineage of calponin 2 indicates that it is conserved among mammalian species but more diverged among amphibian, reptile, and fish species .