CRP Human

CRP was first discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930. Initially, it was thought to be a pathogenic secretion because its levels were elevated in various illnesses, including cancer . Over time, it became clear that CRP is a part of the body’s immune response, playing a crucial role in the innate immune system.

CRP is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins. It is composed of five identical subunits arranged in a circular fashion. This structure allows CRP to bind to specific substances on the surface of dead or dying cells and some types of bacteria. By binding to these substances, CRP can activate the complement system, a part of the immune system that helps clear pathogens from the body .

CRP is produced by the liver in response to factors released by macrophages and T cells. One of its primary roles is to bind to lysophosphatidylcholine, a substance expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells. This binding helps activate the complement system via C1q, leading to the clearance of these cells and pathogens .

Elevated levels of CRP are a marker of inflammation and can be used to diagnose and monitor various conditions. High CRP levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, infections, and chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis . CRP levels can be measured using a blood test, and the results can help healthcare providers assess the severity of inflammation and the effectiveness of treatments .

A high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) test is a more precise measurement of CRP levels and is often used to assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association consider a level of 2 mg/L and above to be a possible risk factor for heart attacks .