YARS Human
Description
YARS is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Introduction
Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) is an essential enzyme involved in the translation process of protein synthesis. It catalyzes the attachment of the amino acid tyrosine to its corresponding tRNA molecule, forming tyrosyl-tRNA. This process is crucial for the accurate translation of the genetic code into functional proteins. Human recombinant tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (rhTyrRS) is a form of this enzyme that has been engineered for research and therapeutic purposes.
Structure and Function
Human TyrRS is composed of three domains:
- Amino-terminal Rossmann fold domain: Responsible for the formation of the activated EzTyr-AMP intermediate and is conserved among bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.
- tRNA anticodon recognition domain: This domain is not conserved between bacteria and eukaryotes.
- Carboxyl-terminal domain: Unique to human TyrRS, this domain shares significant sequence homology with other proteins such as the putative human cytokine endothelial monocyte-activating protein II .
Biological Significance
TyrRS plays a critical role in protein synthesis by ensuring the correct amino acid is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain. Beyond its canonical role in translation, TyrRS has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell signaling and immune responses. For instance, proteolytic removal of the C-domain from TyrRS activates its cytokine function .
Recombinant Human TyrRS
Recombinant human TyrRS (rhTyrRS) is produced using genetic engineering techniques. The gene encoding human TyrRS is cloned into an expression vector, which is then introduced into a host organism such as Escherichia coli. The host organism expresses the TyrRS protein, which is subsequently purified for research or therapeutic use .
Applications and Research
rhTyrRS has been utilized in various research studies to understand its role in disease and potential therapeutic applications. For example, autoantibodies against TyrRS have been associated with anti-synthetase syndrome, a condition characterized by myositis, arthritis, and interstitial lung disease . Additionally, rhTyrRS has been explored as a potential target for developing new antimicrobial agents, particularly against drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis .
Conclusion
Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is a vital enzyme with significant roles in protein synthesis and cellular signaling. The recombinant form of this enzyme, rhTyrRS, has opened new avenues for research and therapeutic applications, highlighting its importance in both basic and applied sciences.
