WDR5 plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including:
Epigenetic Regulation: As part of the MLL1/MLL complex, WDR5 is involved in the methylation and dimethylation at lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4), which is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation . This modification is essential for the regulation of gene expression.
Histone Acetylation: WDR5 is also part of the NSL complex, which may be involved in the acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 on several lysine residues . This process is crucial for chromatin remodeling and gene expression.
Developmental Processes: WDR5 is essential for vertebrate development, Hox gene activation, and global H3K4 trimethylation . It is expressed in various cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, osteocytes, and marrow stromal cells .
Cancer Progression: WDR5 has been identified as a critical factor supporting the N-myc transcriptional complex via its WBM site and interacting with chromosomes via its WIN site. This interaction promotes the progression of neuroblastoma, making WDR5 a potential target for anti-neuroblastoma drug development .
Recombinant WDR5 is produced using various expression systems, such as Sf9 insect cells via a baculovirus expression system. The recombinant protein typically includes an N-terminal His-tag for purification purposes. The human recombinant WDR5 has a molecular weight of approximately 37.5 kDa and consists of amino acids 2-334 .
Recombinant WDR5 is widely used in research to study its role in epigenetic regulation, development, and cancer progression. It is also utilized in drug discovery efforts to identify inhibitors that can disrupt the interaction between WDR5 and its binding partners, offering potential therapeutic avenues for diseases such as neuroblastoma .