TYW5 Human
Description
TYW5 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
TYW5 is a Jumonji C (JmjC) domain-containing RNA hydroxylase. It catalyzes the conversion of wybutosine (yW) to hydroxywybutosine (OHyW) using Fe(II) iron and 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) as cofactors . The enzyme recognizes the N4-methyl group of yW-72, a hypomodified form of wybutosine, and hydroxylates the beta carbon of the propyl group. This reaction is followed by methylation and methoxycarbonylation of the side chain, catalyzed by TYW4, to complete the modification process .
The TYW5 gene is located on chromosome 2q33.1 . The protein consists of 315 amino acids and contains a JmjC domain, which is essential for its catalytic activity. The crystal structure of TYW5 reveals that it forms dimers, with each monomer consisting of an N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal helical domain . The active site of TYW5 is located in the beta-jellyroll fold of the catalytic domain and contains conserved residues necessary for enzymatic activity .
The hydroxylation of wybutosine by TYW5 is a critical step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine derivatives, which are found in higher eukaryotes. These modifications are crucial for the proper functioning of tRNA and, consequently, for the fidelity of protein synthesis. Disruptions in the function of TYW5 can lead to defects in tRNA modification, potentially affecting cellular protein synthesis and overall cellular function .
Recombinant TYW5 is produced using genetic engineering techniques, where the TYW5 gene is cloned and expressed in a suitable host organism, such as bacteria or yeast. This allows for the production of large quantities of the protein for research and therapeutic purposes. Recombinant TYW5 retains the same structural and functional properties as the native protein, making it a valuable tool for studying tRNA modifications and their implications in human health and disease .
Mutations or dysregulation of the TYW5 gene have been associated with certain diseases, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) with or without Frontotemporal Dementia . Understanding the role of TYW5 in tRNA modification and its impact on cellular processes can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases and potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies.
