TSPAN7 Human

Tetraspanin 7 (TSPAN7) is a member of the tetraspanin family, which consists of 33 membrane proteins involved in various physiological processes. Tetraspanins are characterized by their four transmembrane domains and their ability to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) on the cell membrane. These microdomains play a crucial role in cell signaling, adhesion, migration, and differentiation .

TSPAN7, like other tetraspanins, has four transmembrane domains, a small extracellular loop, and a large extracellular loop. These structural features allow TSPAN7 to interact with other tetraspanins and transmembrane proteins, forming a complex network that contributes to the stability and functionality of signaling complexes .

TSPAN7 is involved in various physiological processes, including membrane fusion, cell proliferation, and differentiation. It also plays a role in the regulation of integrins and other cell surface receptors. Tetraspanins, including TSPAN7, have been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis due to their ability to form hierarchical networks of interactions with other proteins .

Mutations in the TSPAN7 gene are associated with several neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders, such as X-linked mental retardation, Huntington’s chorea, fragile X syndrome, and myotonic dystrophy. Additionally, TSPAN7 has been identified as a key immune system target in type 1 diabetes .

The study of TSPAN7 and other tetraspanins is still in its early stages, and their exact functions are not fully understood. However, the potential therapeutic applications of targeting tetraspanins are promising. For example, understanding the role of TSPAN7 in cancer progression could lead to the development of new cancer therapies .