TIRAP Human
Description
TIRAP is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
TIRAP is characterized by the presence of a Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. This domain is a conserved region found in a variety of proteins involved in immune signaling, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1Rs). The TIR domain is responsible for mediating protein-protein interactions that are essential for downstream signaling events .
In the context of TLR signaling, TIRAP acts as an adaptor protein that bridges the interaction between TLRs and other signaling molecules. Specifically, TIRAP is involved in the signaling pathways of TLR2 and TLR4. Upon recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by TLRs, TIRAP facilitates the recruitment of another adaptor protein, MyD88, to the TLRs. This recruitment is crucial for the activation of downstream signaling cascades that lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other immune responses .
The primary function of TIRAP is to mediate the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and other transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. By doing so, TIRAP plays a pivotal role in the body’s ability to respond to infections and other immune challenges .
From an evolutionary standpoint, TIR domain-containing proteins, including TIRAP, are conserved across a wide range of species. This conservation underscores their fundamental role in immune signaling. Studies have shown that TIRAP and other TIR domain-containing adaptor proteins have undergone evolutionary divergence, leading to the specialization of their functions in different species .
Given its central role in immune signaling, TIRAP has been the subject of extensive research in the context of various diseases. Dysregulation of TIRAP-mediated signaling pathways has been implicated in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Additionally, genetic variations in the TIRAP gene have been associated with susceptibility to infections and other immune-related conditions .
Recombinant TIRAP, produced through genetic engineering techniques, is used in research to study its function and role in immune signaling. By using human recombinant TIRAP, scientists can investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying TIRAP-mediated signaling pathways and explore potential therapeutic targets for modulating immune responses.
