SIT1 Human

SIT1 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 35-40 kDa . It is characterized by an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic tail . The protein is predominantly located in the plasma membrane of cells .

The primary function of SIT1 is to negatively regulate T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling . This regulation is essential for maintaining the balance of T-cell activation and preventing overactivation, which could lead to autoimmune responses. SIT1 achieves this by interacting with SHP-2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, and other signaling molecules .

SIT1 is expressed in various immune cells, including thymocytes, plasma cells, and T cells . Its expression is crucial during the positive selection of T-cells in the thymus, a process that ensures the development of functional and self-tolerant T-cells .

Mutations or dysregulation of the SIT1 gene have been associated with certain diseases, such as Retinitis Pigmentosa 90 . Understanding the role of SIT1 in T-cell signaling can provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for immune-related disorders.

Recombinant human SIT1 is used in various research applications to study its function and interactions with other proteins. It is also utilized in the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating T-cell responses in diseases such as autoimmune disorders and cancers .