RPS27A Human, Biotin
Description
Product Specs
For short-term storage (2-4 weeks), store the vial at 4°C. For extended storage, freeze at -20°C. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Product Science Overview
Ubiquitin is a small regulatory protein that is found in almost all tissues of eukaryotic organisms. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including protein degradation, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair. The biotinylated form of ubiquitin, particularly the human recombinant version, is widely used in research to study these processes.
Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid protein that is highly conserved across different species. It has a molecular weight of approximately 8.6 kDa . The protein is characterized by its ability to form covalent bonds with other proteins, a process known as ubiquitination. This modification can signal for protein degradation via the proteasome, alter protein activity, or affect protein-protein interactions.
Biotinylation is the process of attaching biotin, a vitamin, to proteins and other macromolecules. Biotinylated ubiquitin is particularly useful in biochemical assays because biotin has a high affinity for avidin and streptavidin, allowing for easy detection and purification of ubiquitinated proteins. The biotinylation of ubiquitin does not interfere with its ability to conjugate to substrate proteins via the actions of ubiquitin-activating (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating (E2), and ubiquitin ligase (E3) enzymes .
Recombinant human ubiquitin biotinylated is typically produced in E. coli expression systems. The gene encoding human ubiquitin is cloned into an expression vector, which is then introduced into E. coli cells. The bacteria are cultured, and the ubiquitin protein is expressed and subsequently purified. The biotinylation is usually performed at the N-terminal end of the protein .
Biotinylated ubiquitin is used in various research applications, including:
- Protein-Protein Interaction Studies: It helps in identifying and characterizing ubiquitin-binding proteins.
- Enzyme Activity Assays: It is used to study the activity of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes.
- Protein Degradation Pathways: It aids in understanding the mechanisms of protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
- Signal Transduction: It is used to investigate the role of ubiquitination in cell signaling pathways.
