Ribosomal Protein S18 (RPS18) is a crucial component of the ribosome, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. In humans, this protein is encoded by the RPS18 gene. The ribosome itself is composed of two subunits: the small 40S subunit and the large 60S subunit. RPS18 is a part of the 40S subunit and plays a significant role in the translation process.
The RPS18 gene is located on chromosome 6 in humans . This gene belongs to the S13P family of ribosomal proteins and is highly conserved across different species, indicating its essential role in cellular function . The protein encoded by this gene is found in the cytoplasm and is involved in the binding of fMet-tRNA, which is crucial for the initiation of translation .
Ribosomal proteins, including RPS18, are essential for the assembly and function of ribosomes. The 40S subunit, which includes RPS18, is responsible for decoding the mRNA and ensuring the correct alignment of tRNA and mRNA during protein synthesis . This process is vital for the accurate translation of genetic information into functional proteins.
Recombinant RPS18 refers to the protein that has been genetically engineered and produced in a laboratory setting. This is typically done by inserting the human RPS18 gene into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or yeast, which then produces the protein. Recombinant proteins are invaluable in research and biotechnology, as they allow scientists to study the protein’s structure, function, and interactions in detail.
Recombinant RPS18 is used in various research applications, including: