RNLS Human

Renalase is a 342 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 38 kDa . It shares partial structural similarity with monoamine oxidases, which are enzymes involved in the breakdown of neurotransmitters . Renalase’s primary function is to oxidize catecholamines, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, thereby regulating their levels in the blood .

Genetic variations in the renalase gene have been linked to various cardiovascular and renal diseases . For instance, a functional missense polymorphism (Glu37Asp) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders . Research has also identified three transcription factors (Sp1, STAT3, and ZBP89) that positively regulate the expression of the renalase gene . Additionally, two microRNAs (miR-29b and miR-146a) have been found to downregulate renalase expression .

Renalase has shown promise as a therapeutic target for several conditions. Its hypotensive effect suggests that renalase supplementation could be beneficial for treating hypertension . Conversely, inhibiting renalase signaling may be advantageous for patients with cancerous tumors . However, more research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic applications of renalase .

Recombinant human renalase (rhRen1) has been successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) to enhance protein solubility and activity . This recombinant form has been used to study the enzyme’s activity profiles against NAD(P)H isomers and to explore its potential in engineering applications . The administration of recombinant human renalase has been shown to reduce plasma catecholamine levels and ameliorate ischemic acute kidney injury in animal models .