The RBM11 gene is located on chromosome 21 and is a protein-coding gene. The protein itself is involved in various cellular processes, primarily related to RNA metabolism. It enables poly (U) RNA binding activity and protein homodimerization activity . The protein is located in nuclear specks, which are subnuclear structures involved in the regulation of gene expression .
RBM11 plays a crucial role in the regulation of alternative mRNA splicing via the spliceosome. It acts upstream of or within the cellular response to oxidative stress . The protein is known to antagonize SRSF1-mediated BCL-X splicing, which may affect the choice of alternative 5’ splice sites by binding to specific sequences in exons . This function is particularly important during neuron and germ cell differentiation .
RBM11 has been associated with various diseases, including papillary cystadenocarcinoma . The dysregulation of RBM proteins, including RBM11, has been linked to the occurrence and development of cancers . Understanding the mechanisms of these proteins in tumorigenesis and development is essential for identifying new therapeutic targets and prognostic markers .