PFDN1 Human

Prefoldin Subunit 1, also known as PFDN1, is a crucial component of the prefoldin complex, a molecular chaperone that plays a significant role in the proper folding of newly synthesized polypeptides. This article delves into the background, structure, function, and significance of Prefoldin Subunit 1, particularly focusing on its recombinant form in humans.

The prefoldin complex was first discovered in eukaryotes and archaea, where it was identified for its role in promoting the assembly of cytoskeletal proteins such as actin and tubulin into their respective polymers . The complex is also known as the Gim complex (Genes involved in microtubule biogenesis) . Prefoldin Subunit 1 is one of the six subunits that make up this complex, which includes two alpha and four beta subunits .

Prefoldin Subunit 1 is a protein encoded by the PFDN1 gene in humans . The prefoldin complex forms a double beta-barrel assembly with six protruding coiled-coils . This unique structure allows the complex to bind and stabilize newly synthesized polypeptides, preventing their aggregation and ensuring they fold correctly .

The primary function of Prefoldin Subunit 1 is to bind to nascent polypeptide chains and transfer them to the cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) for proper folding . This process is crucial in an environment where there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins . Prefoldin Subunit 1, along with the other subunits, ensures that proteins achieve their functional conformations, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis .

Prefoldin Subunit 1 plays a vital role in various biological processes and has been implicated in several diseases. For instance, it is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases . Additionally, abnormal expression of prefoldin subunits has been observed in different tumors, highlighting its importance in tumorigenesis and development .

The recombinant form of Prefoldin Subunit 1 is produced using recombinant DNA technology, which allows for the expression of the human protein in various host systems. This recombinant protein is used in research to study its structure, function, and interactions with other proteins. It also serves as a valuable tool in understanding the mechanisms of protein folding and the pathogenesis of diseases caused by protein misfolding .