PAPSS1 Human

3’-Phosphoadenosine 5’-Phosphosulfate Synthase 1 (PAPSS1) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of 3’-Phosphoadenosine 5’-Phosphosulfate (PAPS), a key molecule involved in sulfation reactions. Sulfation is an essential biochemical process that modifies various molecules, including hormones, drugs, and xenobiotics, enhancing their solubility and excretion.

PAPSS1 is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes two sequential reactions. It first converts adenosine 5’-phosphosulfate (APS) to PAPS using ATP as a phosphate donor. This enzyme is composed of two domains: an ATP sulfurylase domain and an APS kinase domain . The ATP sulfurylase domain catalyzes the formation of APS from ATP and sulfate, while the APS kinase domain phosphorylates APS to form PAPS .

PAPS is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions, which are part of the sulfation pathways . These pathways are vital for the metabolism and detoxification of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. In humans, PAPSS1 and its isoform PAPSS2 are responsible for the endogenous synthesis of PAPS .

Recombinant PAPSS1 is produced using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression systems. The recombinant protein is typically a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 626 amino acids and has a molecular mass of approximately 70.9 kDa . It is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity and activity .

Recombinant PAPSS1 is used in various research applications, including studies on sulfation pathways, drug metabolism, and the development of therapeutic agents. It is also employed in the production of sulfated compounds for biochemical and pharmacological studies .

Recombinant PAPSS1 is typically stored at -20°C for long-term storage and at 4°C for short-term use. To maintain its stability, it is recommended to avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles and to add a carrier protein, such as human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA), for long-term storage .