OXM Porcine

Oxyntomodulin is a 37-amino acid peptide hormone derived from the post-translational processing of proglucagon in the intestinal L-cells. It was originally isolated from the porcine gut and has been found to play a significant role in regulating appetite and energy intake. The recombinant form of oxyntomodulin, specifically from porcine sources, has been studied extensively for its potential therapeutic applications in obesity and metabolic disorders.

Oxyntomodulin contains the entire sequence of glucagon with an additional C-terminal octapeptide extension. This structure allows it to interact with both glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors, albeit with varying affinities. The dual receptor activity of oxyntomodulin is crucial for its physiological functions, which include the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, modulation of gastric emptying, and regulation of appetite and energy intake .

Upon food ingestion, oxyntomodulin is released into the bloodstream in proportion to the caloric content of the meal. It acts on the hypothalamic appetite-regulating circuits to reduce hunger and food intake. Studies have shown that central and peripheral administration of oxyntomodulin in rodents leads to a significant reduction in food intake and body weight gain . This anorectic effect is mediated through the activation of GLP-1 receptors in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, a region lacking a complete blood-brain barrier .

The ability of oxyntomodulin to suppress appetite and reduce body weight has garnered interest in its potential use as a therapeutic agent for obesity and related metabolic disorders. Clinical studies have demonstrated that intravenous infusion of oxyntomodulin in healthy subjects significantly reduces energy intake without causing nausea or affecting food palatability . Additionally, elevated levels of endogenous oxyntomodulin have been observed in conditions associated with anorexia, such as tropical malabsorption and post-bariatric surgery .

Recombinant oxyntomodulin is produced using genetic engineering techniques where the gene encoding the peptide is inserted into a suitable expression system, such as Escherichia coli or yeast. The recombinant peptide is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural and functional integrity. The availability of recombinant oxyntomodulin has facilitated extensive research into its physiological roles and therapeutic applications.