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OLA1 is a 45 kDa protein that is widely present in the cytoplasm and expressed in most tissues . It belongs to the YchF subfamily of the Obg-like GTPase family. Unlike other GTPases, OLA1 has higher binding and hydrolysis efficiencies for ATP than for GTP . This unique characteristic allows it to play a distinct role in cellular metabolism and stress responses.
The encoded protein interacts with breast cancer-associated gene 1 (BRCA1) and BRCA1-associated RING domain protein (BARD1), which are crucial for DNA repair and centrosome regulation . Overexpression of OLA1 has been observed in multiple types of cancer and is often associated with poor survival outcomes .
Research has shown that OLA1 plays a significant role in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. For instance, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), OLA1 has been found to inhibit metastasis through the TGFβ/SMAD2 axis . This suggests that OLA1 could be a potential target for cancer therapy, particularly in cancers where it is overexpressed.
Given its involvement in critical cellular processes and its association with cancer, OLA1 is a protein of interest for both basic research and clinical applications. Understanding its function and regulation could lead to new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and potentially other diseases where cellular stress responses are disrupted.