NQO2 Antibody
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 2 (NQO2), also known as QR2, is a phase II detoxification enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. This enzyme is encoded by the NQO2 gene and is involved in the reduction of quinones to hydroquinones, thereby preventing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protecting cells from oxidative damage .
NQO2 is a homodimeric protein that utilizes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor. The enzyme operates through a ping-pong mechanism, where it first binds to a reduced dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH) electron donor, facilitating a hydride transfer to FAD. Subsequently, NQO2 binds to its quinone substrate and reduces it to a dihydroquinone . Besides the two catalytic FAD molecules, NQO2 also contains two zinc ions, although their exact role in catalysis remains unclear .
NQO2 is expressed in various tissues, with notable expression in the liver, lung, and kidney. The expression of NQO2 is regulated by several factors, including oxidative stress and the NRF2 transcription factor. NRF2 is known to drive the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including NQO2, in response to prooxidant conditions .
NQO2 plays a significant role in cellular defense by preventing the single-electron reduction of quinones, which can lead to the generation of semiquinone free radicals and ROS. By catalyzing the two-electron reduction of quinones, NQO2 helps maintain cellular redox balance and protects against oxidative damage .
The clinical relevance of NQO2 has been explored in various contexts, particularly in cancer research. Elevated levels of NQO2 have been observed in certain cancers, making it a potential biomarker for tumor detection and a target for anticancer therapies. Additionally, NQO2’s role in detoxification pathways suggests its potential involvement in drug metabolism and resistance .
Mouse anti-human NQO2 antibodies are commonly used in research to study the expression and function of NQO2 in human tissues. These antibodies are generated by immunizing mice with human NQO2 protein, leading to the production of specific antibodies that can recognize and bind to human NQO2. These antibodies are valuable tools for various applications, including Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
