NKp46 Antibody

Natural Killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system, known for their ability to target and destroy tumor cells and virus-infected cells without prior sensitization. One of the key receptors involved in this process is the Natural Cytotoxicity Receptor (NCR) NKp46, also known as CD335 or NCR1. This receptor plays a pivotal role in the activation and function of NK cells.

NKp46 is a 46 kDa type I membrane glycoprotein that is exclusively expressed on NK cells, both resting and activated . The extracellular region of NKp46 contains two C2-type, Ig-like domains, which are essential for its function . This receptor is a member of the NCR family, which also includes NKp30 and NKp44 .

NKp46 is directly involved in the recognition and lysis of target cells. It plays a significant role in the killing of virus-infected cells, tumor cells, and cells that lack MHC class I molecules . The receptor triggers cytotoxicity in NK cells by recognizing specific ligands on the surface of target cells . This process is crucial for the immune surveillance and elimination of abnormal cells.

The ligands for NKp46 are diverse and can be found on the surface of tumor cells, virus-infected cells, and even secreted extracellularly . This diversity allows NKp46 to regulate the activity of NK cells in various tissue compartments during steady-state or inflammation . The receptor’s ability to recognize a wide range of ligands makes it a versatile tool for the immune system.

The unique properties of NKp46 have made it a target for therapeutic interventions. By harnessing the biology of NKp46, researchers are developing novel therapies aimed at enhancing tumor surveillance and improving immune responses . Monoclonal antibodies targeting NKp46, such as the mouse anti-human NKp46 antibody, are being explored for their potential in cancer immunotherapy and other immune-related diseases .