MUP1 Mouse

MUP1 is a secreted protein that plays a crucial role in chemical communication among mice. It binds and releases pheromones, which are essential for various social behaviors such as mate choice, territory marking, and individual recognition . The protein’s structure allows it to carry these small hydrophobic molecules effectively, facilitating communication between conspecifics .

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of MUP1 in regulating energy expenditure and metabolism. In both dietary and genetically obese mice, the circulating concentrations of MUP1 were significantly lower compared to lean controls . Replenishment of recombinant MUP1 in these mice led to improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity, increased energy expenditure, and higher locomotor activity . This suggests that MUP1 plays a role in systemic glucose and lipid metabolism through the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenic and lipogenic programs .

The MUP gene family exhibits significant genetic and phenotypic variability. Studies comparing different strains of mice, such as C57BL/6J and 129, have revealed organizational heterogeneity within the MUP gene clusters . This variability is likely mediated by endogenous retroviral elements and results in distinct MUP profiles in the urine of different strains . The phenotypic polymorphism observed in wild populations is a result of MUP gene turnover and other mechanisms regulating gene expression patterns .

MUP1 is widely studied for its role in chemical communication and metabolism. It is also used in various research applications, including the development of ELISA assays for the quantitative detection of MUP1 in serum and plasma samples . These assays are crucial for studying the protein’s role in metabolic regulation and its potential therapeutic applications in metabolic disorders .