MRPS2 Human

Mitochondrial ribosomes, or mitoribosomes, are responsible for protein synthesis within the mitochondria. They consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit . Unlike prokaryotic ribosomes, mitoribosomes have a higher protein-to-rRNA ratio, estimated at 75% protein to rRNA . Additionally, mitoribosomes lack the 5S rRNA found in prokaryotic ribosomes .

MRPS2 is essential for the formation and stability of the mitoribosome and plays a significant role in mitochondrial translation . The protein is localized to the mitochondria and is involved in pathways related to mitochondrial translation and protein metabolism .

The MRPS2 gene is located on chromosome 9 and is a protein-coding gene . It has several aliases, including CGI-91, S2mt, and Mitochondrial Small Ribosomal Subunit Protein uS2m . The gene has been associated with diseases such as Combined Oxidative Phosphorylation Deficiency 36 and Mitochondrial Disease .

MRPS2 is expressed in various tissues, with cytoplasmic expression observed in several tissues . The protein is predominantly localized to the mitochondria, which aligns with its role in mitochondrial protein synthesis .

Mutations or deficiencies in the MRPS2 gene can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is implicated in various mitochondrial diseases . Understanding the function and structure of MRPS2 is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

Recombinant MRPS2 is used in research to study its function and role in mitochondrial biology. It is also utilized in the development of assays and antibodies for experimental purposes .