MIP 4 Human

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-4 Human Recombinant (CCL18)
Cat. No.
BT21606
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Small inducible cytokine A18, CCL18, Macrophage inflammatory protein 4, MIP-4, Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine, CC chemokine PARC, Alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine 1, AMAC-1, Dendritic cell chemokine 1, DC-CK1, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18, CKb7, PARC, AMAC1, DCCK1, SCYA18.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
Prospec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 69 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7813 Dalton.
The MIP-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18 / MIP-4), also known as PARC (pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. With approximately 60% similarity in amino acid sequence to CCL3, MIP-4 is primarily expressed in the lungs and, to a lesser extent, in lymphoid tissues like lymph nodes. Its chemotactic properties attract activated T cells and non-activated lymphocytes.
Description
Recombinant Human Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-4, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 69 amino acids. With a molecular weight of 7813 Daltons, MIP-4 undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
White, sterile-filtered lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
MIP-4 protein is lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution at a concentration of 1.0mg/ml in 20mM PB, pH 7.4, 100mM NaCl.
Solubility
To reconstitute lyophilized MIP-4, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile 18M-cm H2O to a concentration of at least 100µg/ml. This solution can be further diluted in other aqueous solutions.
Stability
Lyophilized MIP-4 remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks; however, it is recommended to store it desiccated below -18°C. After reconstitution, MIP-4 should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, freezing below -18°C is recommended. To ensure stability during long-term storage, consider adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). It is important to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Purity exceeds 97.0%, as determined by: (a) RP-HPLC analysis and (b) SDS-PAGE analysis.
Biological Activity
MIP-4 activity is determined by its ability to chemoattract human T lymphocytes at concentrations ranging from 1-10ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 100,000-1,000,000IU/mg.
Synonyms
Small inducible cytokine A18, CCL18, Macrophage inflammatory protein 4, MIP-4, Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine, CC chemokine PARC, Alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine 1, AMAC-1, Dendritic cell chemokine 1, DC-CK1, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18, CKb7, PARC, AMAC1, DCCK1, SCYA18.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids of MIP-4 was determined and found to be Ala-Gln-Val-Gly-Thr.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-4 (MIP-4), also known as CCL18, is a chemokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system. Chemokines are small signaling proteins that guide the movement of immune cells to sites of inflammation, infection, and injury. CCL18 is particularly interesting due to its involvement in various immune responses and its potential therapeutic applications.

Gene and Protein Structure

CCL18 is encoded by the CCL18 gene, which is located on chromosome 17 in humans . The protein consists of 68 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 7.8 kDa . It shares about 61% sequence identity with another chemokine, MIP-1α . The protein contains four highly conserved cysteine residues, which are characteristic of CC chemokines .

Expression and Function

CCL18 is primarily expressed in the lungs, lymph nodes, placenta, and bone marrow . It is produced by various cell types, including dendritic cells and macrophages. The protein acts as a chemoattractant, meaning it attracts immune cells to specific locations. Specifically, CCL18 attracts naive T-lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, and activated macrophages . This chemotactic activity suggests that CCL18 plays a role in both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses .

Receptor and Signaling

Interestingly, the specific receptor for CCL18 remains undetermined . Despite this, CCL18 is known to act as a chemoattractant for both activated and non-activated T cells . This indicates that CCL18 may have a broad range of effects on the immune system, influencing various types of immune cells.

Clinical Significance

CCL18 has been implicated in several diseases and conditions. For instance, elevated levels of CCL18 have been observed in patients with certain types of cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases, and fibrotic disorders. This makes CCL18 a potential biomarker for these conditions and a target for therapeutic interventions.

Recombinant CCL18

Recombinant CCL18 is produced using E. coli expression systems . The recombinant protein is typically purified to a high degree of purity (≥98%) and is available in lyophilized form for research purposes . It is used in various assays, including Western blot, ELISA, and functional assays .

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