Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. These proteins play a crucial role in cell adhesion and cell-surface-mediated signaling. Integrin Beta 3 (ITGB3) is one of the subunits that combine with various alpha subunits to form different integrins, each with distinct functions and properties .
Integrin Beta 3 is commonly found in combination with the alpha IIb chain in platelets, forming the integrin αIIbβ3 complex. This complex is essential for platelet aggregation and blood clotting. Integrins, including αIIbβ3, are transmembrane glycoprotein receptors that transmit bioinformation bidirectionally across the plasma membrane. This bidirectional signaling is crucial for various cellular functions such as cell adhesion, spreading, migration, survival, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis .
Recombinant human integrin beta 3 is produced using advanced biotechnological methods. Typically, it is expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, which are widely used for the production of recombinant proteins due to their ability to perform complex post-translational modifications. The recombinant protein is purified to high levels of purity, often exceeding 90%, and is tested for its binding ability in functional assays .
Recombinant integrin beta 3 is used in various research applications, including:
Integrin αIIbβ3 is a promising target for antithrombotic therapy due to its central role in platelet functions and hemostasis. Therapeutic agents targeting this integrin can help prevent arterial thrombosis and other related conditions. The regulation of integrin αIIbβ3 involves numerous interacting proteins that associate with its cytoplasmic tails, making it a complex but valuable target for drug development .