IRF 5 Human

IRF5 is activated through phosphorylation, which is a common post-translational modification that leads to conformational changes allowing for protein-protein interactions . This activation process is typically initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) . Once activated, IRF5 translocates to the nucleus where it binds to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene expression .

IRF5 is a key player in both innate and adaptive immune responses . It regulates the expression of genes involved in the production of type I interferons and other cytokines, which are essential for the antiviral response . Additionally, IRF5 is involved in the modulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune system activity .

IRF5 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases . Genetic variants of IRF5 have been associated with an increased risk of developing these conditions . Furthermore, IRF5 is being explored as a potential therapeutic target for these diseases .

Recombinant human IRF5 is produced using recombinant DNA technology, which involves inserting the IRF5 gene into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or mammalian cells, to produce the protein in large quantities . This recombinant protein can be used in various research applications, including the study of IRF5’s role in immune responses and the development of potential therapeutic interventions .