IL36B 153 a.a. Human

Interleukin-36 Beta (IL-36β), also known as Interleukin-1 family member 8 (IL-1F8), is a cytokine that belongs to the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family. This family includes several other cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-18, IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36ra), IL-36γ, IL-37, and IL-38 . The IL-1 family members share a common structural motif known as the β-trefoil fold, which consists of 12 β-strands arranged in a three-fold symmetry .

The human recombinant IL-36β is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 153 amino acids (5-157) with a molecular mass of approximately 17.2 kDa . It is produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity and biological activity .

IL-36β is known to be actively secreted by cells such as resting and activated monocytes and B cells . It functions by binding to a receptor complex composed of IL-1 receptor-related protein 2 (IL-1Rrp2) and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) . Upon binding to its receptor, IL-36β activates signaling pathways involving nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) . These signaling pathways lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which play a crucial role in immune responses and inflammation .

IL-36β has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis . In psoriatic plaques, IL-36β is expressed at higher levels compared to symptomless psoriatic skin or healthy control skin . It can stimulate the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in synovial fibroblasts, articular chondrocytes, and mature adipocytes, contributing to the inflammatory environment .

Recombinant IL-36β is widely used in research to study its role in inflammation and immune responses. It is also used to investigate potential therapeutic targets for treating inflammatory diseases . The recombinant protein is available in various quantities and is typically supplied as a lyophilized powder that can be reconstituted in sterile water or other aqueous solutions .

Lyophilized IL-36β is stable at room temperature for up to three weeks but should be stored desiccated below -18°C for long-term storage . Upon reconstitution, it should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and below -18°C for long-term use . It is important to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to maintain the protein’s stability and biological activity .