ICOS Human
Inducible T Cell Costimulator, Activation-Inducible Lymphocyte Immunomediatory Molecule, Inducible T-Cell Costimulator, AILIM, Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator, Inducible Costimulator, CD278 Antigen, CD278, CVID1.
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Description
ICOS produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 362 amino acids (21-140a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 40.8kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa). ICOS is expressed with an 242 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
ICOS, short for inducible T-cell costimulatory, is a member of the CD28 family and plays a crucial role in the immune system's stimulatory pathways. As a receptor that forms homodimers, ICOS is essential for effective immune responses. It participates in vital cellular processes like cell signaling and proliferation regulation. Notably, ICOS interacts with B7-H2, an interaction critical for T-cell differentiation, T-B cell communication, and humoral immune responses. This interaction is also vital for forming germinal centers, which are crucial for generating an effective antibody response, and producing the cytokine IL-4. Furthermore, ICOS plays a significant role in inducing the production of IL-10, a cytokine known for its role in the suppressive function of regulatory T cells. ICOS, along with other co-stimulatory pathways like B7-1/B7-2-CD28/CTLA-4, provides essential secondary signals that tightly regulate the activation, suppression, and fine-tuning of T lymphocyte responses. While ICOS stimulates the production of both Th1 and Th2 cytokines, it exhibits a specific role in generating Th2 cells, highlighting its multifaceted role in immune regulation.
Produced using Sf9 insect cells and baculovirus expression system, the recombinant ICOS protein is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain. It consists of 362 amino acids with a sequence spanning from amino acid 21 to 140a.a. This protein has a molecular weight of 40.8 kDa. However, it appears as a band of approximately 40-57 kDa on SDS-PAGE due to glycosylation. The ICOS protein is engineered with a 242 amino acid His tag at its C-terminus to facilitate purification. After expression, the protein undergoes rigorous purification using proprietary chromatographic methods to ensure high purity.
The provided ICOS protein solution has a concentration of 0.25mg/ml. It is formulated in a buffer containing 20mM MES (pH 5.5), 40% glycerol, 2mM DTT, 1mM EDTA, and 0.1M NaCl to maintain stability and activity.
The purity of the ICOS protein is greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis, ensuring a high-quality product for research purposes.
Inducible T Cell Costimulator, Activation-Inducible Lymphocyte Immunomediatory Molecule, Inducible T-Cell Costimulator, AILIM, Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator, Inducible Costimulator, CD278 Antigen, CD278, CVID1.
ADPEINGSAN YEMFIFHNGG VQILCKYPDI VQQFKMQLLK GGQILCDLTK TKGSGNTVSI KSLKFCHSQL SNNSVSFFLY NLDHSHANYY FCNLSIFDPP PFKVTLTGGY LHIYESQLCC QLKLEPKSCD KTHTCPPCPA PELLGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSHEDP EVKFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQYNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ DWLNGKEYKC KVSNKALPAP IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSRDELTKN QVSLTCLVKG FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSKLT VDKSRWQQGN VFSCSVMHEA LHNHYTQKSL SLSPGKHHHH
HH
Product Science Overview
Inducible T Cell Costimulator (ICOS), also known as CD278, is a costimulatory receptor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses. It belongs to the CD28 immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor superfamily, which includes other important receptors such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 . Unlike CD28, ICOS expression is low on naïve T cells but is upregulated upon T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation .
ICOS is a transmembrane protein that is primarily expressed on activated T cells. It interacts with its ligand, ICOSL (Inducible T Cell Costimulator Ligand), which is a B7-related transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on various cell types including B cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, and several types of tumor cells . The binding of ICOS to ICOSL delivers a positive costimulatory signal that is essential for optimal T cell function .
The primary function of ICOS is to enhance T cell responses. It plays a critical role in the activation and differentiation of T cells, particularly in the context of immune responses against infections and tumors. ICOS signaling is involved in the production of cytokines, the proliferation of T cells, and the formation of memory T cells . Additionally, ICOS is important for the development and function of follicular helper T cells (Tfh), which are essential for the formation of germinal centers and the production of high-affinity antibodies .
Given its pivotal role in immune regulation, ICOS has been explored as a therapeutic target for various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. Recent studies have shown that activating ICOS can yield antitumor activity, both alone and in combination with other immunotherapies such as PD-1 blockade . For instance, the use of an anti-ICOS monoclonal antibody (mAb) called feladilimab has demonstrated promising results in preclinical models and early-phase clinical trials . This approach aims to stimulate the growth of antitumor reactive T cells and enhance the overall immune response against tumors .
