PIP Protein
Description
PIP is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Prolactin-Induced Protein (PIP) is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 15-17 kDa. It was initially identified as a highly secreted protein in T47D breast cancer cells following treatment with prolactin and androgens . PIP is expressed abundantly in breast cancer cells but is generally low or absent in normal breast cells .
PIP is considered a valuable biomarker associated with both benign and malignant pathological conditions of the mammary gland . It plays a role in modulating immune responses and has been implicated in breast tumorigenesis . PIP expression in breast cancer has been shown to correlate with better prognosis and patient response to chemotherapy . However, some studies suggest that PIP may also play a role in metastasis .
Recombinant human prolactin protein, including PIP, is typically produced using E. coli expression systems. The protein is purified to a high degree, with purity levels exceeding 97% as determined by SDS-PAGE . The recombinant protein is often lyophilized and can be reconstituted in sterile solutions for use in various applications .
PIP has been shown to modulate antitumor immune responses and metastasis in breast cancer models . In vitro studies have demonstrated that stable expression of PIP in breast cancer cell lines does not significantly alter their proliferation, migration, or response to anticancer drugs compared to control cells . However, in vivo studies using mouse models have shown that PIP-expressing tumors display delayed onset and reduced growth, which is associated with higher percentages of natural killer cells and reduced percentages of type 2 T-helper cells in the tumor environment . Paradoxically, PIP expression has also been associated with a higher number of metastatic colonies in the lungs .
