HIV-1 p66 pol

HIV-1 p66 pol Recombinant

Cat. No.

BT22783

Source

Baculovirus Insect Cells.

Synonyms

Appearance

Sterile filtered colorless clear solution.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by HPLC analysis & SDS-PAGE.

Usage

THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

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Description

HIV-1 p66 Recombinant- is a 71kDa protein derived from pol gene. The HIV-1 p66 is glycosylated with N-linked sugars and produced using baculovirus vectors in insect cells.

Product Specs

Introduction

The human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, is a type of virus known as a retrovirus. It weakens the body's defense system, the immune system, making individuals susceptible to infections and illnesses that wouldn't typically affect healthy people. HIV specifically targets crucial immune cells, primarily a type of white blood cell called the CD4+ T cell, which plays a central role in coordinating the immune response. Other immune cells like macrophages and dendritic cells are also affected. The virus leads to a decline in CD4+ T cells through a few mechanisms. First, it directly destroys the infected cells. Second, it increases the rate at which these cells self-destruct (a process called apoptosis). Lastly, it makes the infected CD4+ T cells targets for other immune cells, called CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes, which eliminate them. When the number of CD4+ T cells drops significantly, the body's ability to fight off infections is severely compromised. HIV is classified under the Lentivirus genus, part of the Retroviridae family. These viruses share common characteristics in their structure and behavior. Lentiviruses are known to cause long-term diseases with a delay between infection and the appearance of symptoms. They spread as single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA viruses. Upon entering a host cell, they use their own enzyme, reverse transcriptase, to convert their RNA into DNA. This viral DNA is then incorporated into the host cell's DNA using another viral enzyme called integrase, allowing the virus to use the cell's machinery for replication. Once inside, the virus can either remain inactive (latent) within the cell or become active, multiplying and releasing new virus particles to infect other cells.

Description

HIV-1 p66 Recombinant is a protein with a molecular weight of 71kDa, derived from the pol gene of HIV-1. It undergoes glycosylation, a process of adding sugar molecules, and is produced using a baculovirus-insect cell expression system.

Physical Appearance

A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

Formulation

This protein solution is prepared in a buffer containing 30mM Tris pH-7, 0.15M NaCl, and 0.2mM EDTA.

Purity

The purity of this product is greater than 90.0% as determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis and SDS-PAGE.

Stability

For short-term storage (up to 3 weeks), HIV-1 p66 Recombinant can be stored at 4°C. For long-term storage, it is recommended to store it below -18°C. The addition of a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is advised for long-term storage. Repeated freezing and thawing should be avoided.

Applications

The HIV-1 p66 pol antigen is suitable for use in various laboratory techniques, including ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and Western blots. It serves as an excellent antigen for the early identification of individuals who have recently become infected with HIV (seroconverters) with minimal issues related to specificity.

Source

Baculovirus Insect Cells.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). One of the critical enzymes in the HIV-1 lifecycle is the reverse transcriptase (RT), which is essential for converting the viral RNA genome into DNA, allowing it to integrate into the host cell’s genome. The HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a heterodimer composed of two subunits: p66 and p51 .

Structure and Function

The p66 subunit of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a 66 kDa protein encoded by the pol gene. It is glycosylated with N-linked sugars and produced using baculovirus vectors in insect cells. The p66 subunit possesses both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities, as well as RNase H activity, which are crucial for the reverse transcription process.

The p51 subunit, on the other hand, shares the same N-terminal sequence as p66 but lacks the C-terminal 140 amino acids. This structural difference makes p51 essential for providing structural and conformational stability to the RT enzyme.

Post-Translational Modifications

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase can undergo post-translational modifications, which may play a significant role in regulating its activity. Major isoforms of the p66 and p51 subunits have been observed in virions and infected cells, suggesting that these modifications are important for the enzyme’s function inside the cell.

Recombinant Production

Recombinant HIV-1 p66 pol is produced using baculovirus vectors in insect cells. This method allows for the production of large quantities of the protein, which can be used for various research and therapeutic purposes.

Importance in Research and Therapeutics

The recombinant HIV-1 p66 pol protein is widely used in research to study the mechanisms of reverse transcription and to develop antiretroviral drugs. Understanding the structure and function of this enzyme is crucial for designing inhibitors that can effectively target and block the reverse transcription process, thereby preventing the replication of the virus .

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HIV-1 p66 pol

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