HBZ Human

The HBZ gene is located on chromosome 16 (16p13.3) and includes five functional genes and two pseudogenes. The gene order in the hemoglobin alpha cluster (HBAC) is: 5’ - zeta - pseudozeta - mu - pseudoalpha-1 - alpha-2 - alpha-1 - theta1 - 3’ . The zeta-globin chain is homologous to the alpha-globin chain, with significant similarities in their sequences .

Zeta-globin is an early embryonic chain that substitutes for the alpha chain in certain embryonic hemoglobins, such as Hb Portland-1. This unique hemoglobin was first identified in a newborn with multiple congenital anomalies and complex autosomal chromosomal mosaicism . The zeta chain is crucial for the high oxygen affinity characteristic of embryonic hemoglobins, which is essential for the developing embryo .

Recombinant Human Hemoglobin-Zeta is produced using E. coli expression systems. The recombinant protein typically includes a C-terminal His-tag for purification purposes. The amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein corresponds to the first 142 amino acids of the human hemoglobin zeta chain . The production process involves conventional chromatography techniques to achieve high purity levels (>90% by SDS-PAGE) .

Recombinant Hemoglobin-Zeta is primarily used for research purposes. It is not approved for clinical use in humans. Researchers utilize this protein to study the structure and function of hemoglobin, as well as its role in various developmental processes .

For optimal stability, recombinant Hemoglobin-Zeta should be stored at 4°C for short-term use and at -20°C for long-term storage. It is important to avoid freeze-thaw cycles to maintain the protein’s integrity .