GYPA Antibody

Glycophorin A (type M & type N), Mouse Anti Human Antibody
Cat. No.
BT19044
Source
Synonyms
Glycophorin-A, MN sialoglycoprotein, PAS-2, Sialoglycoprotein alpha, CD235a, GYPA, GPA, MN, MNS, GPSAT, GPErik, HGpMiV, HGpMiXI, HGpSta(C).
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Description

Product Specs

Introduction
Glycophorins A and B (GYPA and GYPB) are the primary sialoglycoproteins found on the human red blood cell membrane. They are responsible for carrying the antigenic determinants of the MN and Ss blood groups. In addition to the M or N and S or s antigens commonly found in all populations, around 40 variant phenotypes have been identified. These variants encompass all variations within the Miltenberger complex, some isoforms of Sta, as well as Dantu, Sat, He, Mg, and deletion variants like Ena, S-s-U-, and Mk. GYPA plays a crucial role in the function of SLC4A1, being essential for its high activity. It facilitates the movement of SLC4A1 to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, GYPA serves as a receptor for various entities: the influenza virus, the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175), which relies on sialic acid residues of the O-linked glycans for binding, and the Hepatitis A virus (HAV).
Formulation
Supplied as a 1 mg/ml solution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) following reconstitution.
Shipping Conditions
The antibody is shipped in lyophilized form at room temperature.
Storage Procedures
For long-term storage, keep the lyophilized antibody at 4°C in a dry environment. After reconstitution, if not intended for immediate use (within one month), aliquot the antibody and store it at -20°C.
Solubility
To reconstitute, add sterile water (H2O) to the vial. Gently mix the solution, ensuring the sides of the vial are washed, and allow 30-60 seconds for complete dissolution before use.
Titer
When tested using a direct ELISA, a 1:10,000 dilution of the antibody exhibits an optical density (O.D) of 0.5. This measurement is obtained using an alkaline phosphatase-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) secondary antibody from Jackson Laboratories.
Applications
This antibody is suitable for various applications, including Western Blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. For Western Blot analysis, use a concentration of 1 µg/ml. For flow cytometry, use 5-10 µl of antibody per one million cells.
Synonyms
Glycophorin-A, MN sialoglycoprotein, PAS-2, Sialoglycoprotein alpha, CD235a, GYPA, GPA, MN, MNS, GPSAT, GPErik, HGpMiV, HGpMiXI, HGpSta(C).
Purification Method
Protein A column.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal Antibody.
Clone
NYRhGlycophorinA.
Immunogen
r.Human GlycophorinA.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG1.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Glycophorin A (GPA) is a significant sialoglycoprotein found on the surface of human red blood cells (erythrocytes). It plays a crucial role in the MNS blood group system, which includes the M and N antigens. The mouse anti-human antibody targeting Glycophorin A is widely used in research and clinical diagnostics to study erythrocyte-related disorders and blood group antigens.

Structure and Function of Glycophorin A

Glycophorin A is a type I transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10 kDa . It is composed of 151 amino acids and exists as a homodimer in the cell membrane . The protein is heavily glycosylated, with numerous sialic acid residues contributing to its negative charge. This negative charge is essential for preventing red blood cells from sticking together and to the blood vessel walls.

Glycophorin A carries the antigenic determinants for the MNS blood group system. The M and N antigens are determined by the amino acid sequence at positions 1 and 5 of the protein. Specifically, the M antigen has serine and glycine at these positions, while the N antigen has leucine and glutamic acid .

Role in Disease and Pathogen Interaction

Glycophorin A is not only important for blood group antigenicity but also plays a role in pathogen interactions. It serves as a receptor for various pathogens, including the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which binds to Glycophorin A during the invasion of red blood cells . Additionally, some viruses, such as the influenza virus and hepatitis A virus, also utilize Glycophorin A as a binding site .

Mouse Anti-Human Glycophorin A Antibody

The mouse anti-human Glycophorin A antibody is a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the Glycophorin A protein on human erythrocytes. This antibody can recognize both the M and N types of Glycophorin A, making it a valuable tool for various applications in research and diagnostics .

Applications
  1. Flow Cytometry: The antibody is commonly used in flow cytometry to identify and quantify erythrocytes and erythroid precursor cells in blood samples .
  2. Immunohistochemistry: It is used to stain tissue sections to study the distribution and expression of Glycophorin A in different tissues .
  3. Disease Diagnosis: The antibody can aid in diagnosing conditions related to erythrocytes, such as certain anemias and blood group incompatibilities .

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