GSTM5 is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide variety of hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds. This process is essential for the detoxification and elimination of harmful substances from the body . The enzyme is composed of 242 amino acids and has a molecular mass of approximately 28.2 kDa .
The GSTM5 gene is located on chromosome 1p13.3 and is part of a gene cluster that includes other members of the mu class of GSTs . These genes are highly polymorphic, meaning they exhibit a high degree of genetic variation. This polymorphism can influence an individual’s susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins, as well as the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs .
Recombinant human GSTM5 is produced using techniques such as expression in E. coli, allowing for the study of its biochemical properties and potential therapeutic applications . The enzyme is used in research to understand its role in detoxification and its potential implications in diseases such as cancer .