GRAP2 Human
Description
GRAP2 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
GRAP2 is a 37 kDa protein that contains several important domains essential for its function:
- SH2 Domain: This domain binds to phosphorylated tyrosine residues on receptors or scaffold proteins. The SH2 domain is critical for the recruitment of GRAP2 to activated receptors.
- SH3 Domains: GRAP2 contains two SH3 domains that bind to proline-rich regions of other proteins. These domains facilitate the formation of protein complexes necessary for signal transduction.
GRAP2 acts as an adaptor protein, meaning it does not have enzymatic activity but instead mediates interactions between other proteins. It is involved in the signaling pathways initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Upon activation of RTKs by ligand binding, GRAP2 is recruited to the receptor through its SH2 domain. This recruitment allows GRAP2 to bind to other signaling molecules through its SH3 domains, thereby propagating the signal downstream.
One of the key pathways involving GRAP2 is the activation of the Ras-MAPK signaling cascade. GRAP2 binds to the Son of Sevenless (SOS) protein, which in turn activates Ras, a small GTPase. Activated Ras triggers a series of downstream signaling events, ultimately leading to cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival .
GRAP2 is essential for various cellular functions, particularly in the immune system. It is specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells and plays a pivotal role in the coordination of tyrosine kinase-mediated signal transduction. The protein is involved in the development and function of immune cells, including T cells and B cells.
Inhibition or dysfunction of GRAP2 can lead to impaired immune responses and developmental defects. For instance, targeted disruption of the GRAP2 gene in mice results in defects in T cell development and function, highlighting its critical role in the immune system .
Given its central role in immune cell signaling, GRAP2 is a potential target for therapeutic interventions in immune-related disorders. Understanding the structure and function of GRAP2 can provide insights into the development of novel treatments for diseases such as autoimmune disorders and immunodeficiencies.
Further research into the interactions and regulatory mechanisms of GRAP2 may also uncover new strategies for modulating immune responses and improving immune therapies.
