Gonorrhea Antibody
Neisseria Gonorrhea, Mouse Antibody
Cat. No.
BT18884
Source
Synonyms
Appearance
Purity
Usage
Prospec's products are furnished for LABORATORY ESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
In Stock 
Description
Product Specs
Introduction
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as Gonococci, is a Gram-negative, highly fastidious coccus bacterium that requires nutrient supplementation to survive. These cocci are facultatively intracellular and typically appear in pairs (diplococci). Neisserial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is distinct from enteric LPS due to its highly branched basal oligosaccharide structure and the absence of repeating O-antigen subunits. Consequently, neisserial LPS is referred to as lipooligosaccharide (LOS). During growth, the bacterium characteristically releases outer membrane fragments called 'blebs'. These blebs contain LOS and may play a role in pathogenesis if disseminated during infection. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is relatively fragile, susceptible to temperature changes, drying, UV light, and other environmental conditions. Strains of N. gonorrhoeae have variable cultural requirements, necessitating media containing hemoglobin, NAD, yeast extract, and other supplements for isolation and growth.
Formulation
Supplied as a 1 mg/ml solution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).
Shipping Conditions
The antibody is shipped in lyophilized form at ambient temperature.
Storage Procedures
Store the lyophilized antibody at 4°C in a dry environment for long-term storage. After reconstitution, aliquot and store at -20°C if not intended for use within one month.
Solubility
Reconstitute the antibody with water. Mix gently, ensuring the solution wets the sides of the vial, and allow 30-60 seconds for complete reconstitution before use.
Titer
The antibody exhibits a titer of 1:10,000 by direct ELISA, yielding an optical density (OD) of 0.5 when used at this dilution with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) (Jackson Laboratories).
Purification Method
Ion exchange column.
Type
Mouse Antibody Monoclonal.
Clone
NYRGon.
Immunogen
purified ns envelop.
Ig Subclass
mouse IgG.
Product Science Overview
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus, is a Gram-negative diplococcus bacterium that was first isolated by Albert Neisser in 1879 . This bacterium is the causative agent of gonorrhea, a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that affects millions of people worldwide .
Transmission and Symptoms:
- Transmission: N. gonorrhoeae is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex . It can also be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her baby during childbirth .
- Symptoms: In men, common symptoms include a white, yellow, or greenish discharge from the penis, pain or burning during urination, and sometimes painful or swollen testes . Women often do not exhibit symptoms, but when they do, they may experience vaginal discharge, pain or burning during urination, and vaginal bleeding between periods or during sexual intercourse . Both men and women can experience anal and throat infections, which may cause discharge, bleeding, itchiness, soreness, and painful bowel movements .
Diagnosis and Treatment:
- Diagnosis: Diagnosis of gonorrhea is typically done through culture, Gram stain, or nucleic acid tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of a urine sample, urethral swab, or cervical swab .
- Treatment: Gonorrhea is treatable with antibiotics, but the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae is a growing public health concern . Rational use of antibiotics and the development of new ones are critical to addressing this threat .
Mouse Antibodies
Mouse antibodies are antibodies derived from mice and are commonly used in research and therapeutic applications . These antibodies are produced by immunizing mice with a specific antigen, which stimulates the mouse’s immune system to produce antibodies against that antigen . The antibodies are then harvested from the mouse’s serum and purified for use.
Types and Uses:
- Types: There are five antibody isotypes from mice, similar to humans: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM . Each isotype has a different heavy chain and serves different functions in the immune response .
- Uses: Mouse antibodies are widely used in diagnostic tests, research, and therapeutic applications. They are particularly valuable in the development of monoclonal antibodies, which are antibodies that are identical and target a specific antigen .
Human Anti-Mouse Antibody (HAMA) Response:
- HAMA Response: One challenge with using mouse antibodies in humans is the potential for the human immune system to recognize the mouse antibodies as foreign and produce human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) . This response can range from mild allergic reactions to severe and life-threatening responses . It can also decrease the effectiveness of the treatment and complicate laboratory measurements .
Advancements:
- Fully Human Antibodies: Advances in antibody engineering have led to the development of fully human monoclonal antibodies, which are less likely to trigger an immune response in patients . These antibodies are produced using in vitro techniques and transgenic mouse models that express fully human antibodies .
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