GNAI2 Human

Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein-G Alpha Inhibiting Activity Polypeptide 2 Human Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT12804
Source
E.coli.
Synonyms
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein (G Protein), Alpha Inhibiting Activity Polypeptide 2, GTP-Binding Regulatory Protein Gi Alpha-2 Chain, Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I), Alpha-2 Subunit, Adenylate Cyclase-Inhibiting G Alpha Protein, GNAI2B, H_LUCA16.1, GIP.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

GNAI2 Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is a single polypeptide chain containing 375 amino acids (1-355) and having a molecular mass of 42.0 kDa.
GNAI2 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
GNAI2, an alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding proteins), possesses a guanine nucleotide binding site and participates in the adenylate cyclase hormonal regulation. While multiple transcript variants encoding different GNAI2 isoforms exist, only two full-length isoforms are currently identified.
Description
Recombinantly produced in E. coli, GNAI2 Human is a single polypeptide chain comprising 375 amino acids (1-355) with a molecular weight of 42.0 kDa. This protein is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at its N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution that has been filtered.
Formulation
The GNAI2 solution is supplied in a buffer consisting of 20mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 0.15M NaCl, and 10% glycerol.
Stability
For short-term storage (2-4 weeks), the solution should be kept at 4°C. For extended storage, freezing at -20°C is recommended. The addition of a carrier protein like 0.1% HSA or BSA is advisable for long-term storage. Repeated freezing and thawing cycles should be avoided.
Purity
SDS-PAGE analysis indicates a purity greater than 90%.
Synonyms
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein (G Protein), Alpha Inhibiting Activity Polypeptide 2, GTP-Binding Regulatory Protein Gi Alpha-2 Chain, Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I), Alpha-2 Subunit, Adenylate Cyclase-Inhibiting G Alpha Protein, GNAI2B, H_LUCA16.1, GIP.
Source
E.coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGCTVSAEDK AAAERSKMID KNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV KQMKIIHEDG YSEEECRQYR AVVYSNTIQS IMAIVKAMGN LQIDFADPSR ADDARQLFAL SCTAEEQGVL PDDLSGVIRR LWADHGVQAC FGRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL ERIAQSDYIP TQQDVLRTRV KTTGIVETHF TFKDLHFKMF DVGGQRSERK KWIHCFEGVT AIIFCVALSA YDLVLAEDEE MNRMHESMKL FDSICNNKWF TDTSIILFLN KKDLFEEKIT HSPLTICFPE YTGANKYDEA ASYIQSKFED LNKRKDTKEI YTHFTCATDT KNVQFVFDAV TDVIIKNNLK DCGLF.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are pivotal in cellular signal transduction. They act as molecular switches inside cells, and their activity is regulated by guanine nucleotides. The G proteins are heterotrimers composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Among these, the alpha subunit is crucial as it binds guanine nucleotides and interacts with specific receptors and effector molecules.

GNAI2: The Alpha-Inhibiting Polypeptide

The Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein-G Alpha Inhibiting Activity Polypeptide 2 (GNAI2) is one of the alpha subunits of the G proteins. It is encoded by the GNAI2 gene located on chromosome 3p21.31 . The GNAI2 protein plays a significant role in the hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase, an enzyme involved in the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway .

Structure and Function

The GNAI2 protein contains the guanine nucleotide-binding site and is involved in inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity. This inhibition reduces the levels of cAMP within the cell, thereby modulating various physiological processes. The protein’s structure allows it to interact with receptors and other signaling molecules, making it a critical component in the regulation of cellular responses to external stimuli .

Cloning and Expression

The GNAI2 gene was isolated from a human T-cell library, and its expression has been studied extensively. It has been demonstrated that the human genome contains three distinct genes for alpha inhibitory proteins, including GNAI2 . The gene’s expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.

Clinical Significance

Mutations and dysregulation of the GNAI2 gene have been implicated in various diseases. For instance, activating and inactivating mutations of the GNAI2 gene have opposite effects on cell proliferation. In some cases, these mutations can lead to the development of tumors . Additionally, GNAI2 has been identified as a target of microRNA-138 (miR-138), which is downregulated in certain cancers . This interaction highlights the gene’s role in cancer biology and its potential as a therapeutic target.

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