GINS4 Human

The GINS complex is a crucial component of the DNA replication machinery in eukaryotic cells. It consists of four subunits: Sld5, Psf1, Psf2, and Psf3. The name “GINS” is derived from the Japanese words “go-ichi-ni-san,” which translate to 5-1-2-3, reflecting the subunit composition . Among these subunits, GINS Complex Subunit 4, also known as Sld5, plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of DNA replication forks .

The GINS complex forms a heterotetrameric structure essential for the initiation and elongation stages of chromosome replication . The complex binds preferentially to single-stranded DNA, facilitating the assembly of the replication machinery at the origins of replication . The GINS complex is a key component of the CMG helicase complex, which includes the MCM2-7 helicase and Cdc45 . This complex is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix, allowing the replication machinery to access the single-stranded DNA template.

GINS Complex Subunit 4 (Sld5) is essential for the assembly and stability of the GINS complex . It interacts with other subunits to form a tight bundle, held together by extensive inter-subunit contacts mediated by hydrophobic interactions . The structure of Sld5 includes an α-helical A domain at the N-terminus and a β-rich B domain at the C-terminus . These domains are crucial for the protein’s function and interactions within the complex.

Recombinant human GINS Complex Subunit 4 protein is produced using recombinant DNA technology. The protein is typically expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using conventional chromatography techniques . The recombinant protein often includes a His-tag at the N-terminus to facilitate purification and detection . The purified protein is used in various research applications to study the function and interactions of the GINS complex in DNA replication.

The recombinant human GINS Complex Subunit 4 protein is widely used in biochemical and structural studies to understand the mechanisms of DNA replication. It is also employed in assays to investigate the interactions between the GINS complex and other replication factors . Understanding the role of GINS Complex Subunit 4 in DNA replication can provide insights into the regulation of cell division and the maintenance of genomic stability.