Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, which is known for its broad mitogenic and cell survival activities. These factors are involved in various biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth, and invasion . FGF-23 plays a crucial role in regulating phosphate metabolism and vitamin D metabolism in the body .
The human recombinant FGF-23 (His Tag) is produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It is expressed with a -6xHis tag, containing a total of 257 amino acids (251 amino acids of FGF-23 and 6 amino acids of the His tag), resulting in a molecular mass of approximately 28.6 kDa . The recombinant protein is purified using chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity and quality .
FGF-23 is primarily involved in the regulation of phosphate homeostasis. It inhibits renal tubular phosphate transport, leading to decreased reabsorption of phosphate in the kidneys . This regulation is essential for maintaining proper phosphate levels in the blood and preventing disorders related to phosphate imbalance.
Mutations in the FGF23 gene have been associated with several disorders, including autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) and familial tumoral calcinosis with hyperphosphatemia . Abnormally high levels of FGF-23 expression have also been observed in oncogenic hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (OHO), a disease characterized by abnormal phosphate metabolism .
The human recombinant FGF-23 (His Tag) is widely used in research to study its biological functions and potential therapeutic applications. It has been shown to induce FGFR-mediated Erk phosphorylation, reduce plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in rats, and lower blood phosphate levels . These properties make it a valuable tool for investigating phosphate metabolism and related disorders.
The lyophilized recombinant FGF-23 is stable at room temperature for up to three weeks but should be stored desiccated below -18°C for long-term storage . Upon reconstitution, it should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and below -18°C for long-term use. To prevent freeze-thaw cycles, it is recommended to add a carrier protein such as 0.1% human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) .