FGF 19 Human, His
Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 Human Recombinant, His Tag
Cat. No.
BT6332
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Fibroblast growth factor 19, FGF-19.
Appearance
Filtered white lyophilized powder.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. They may not be used as drugs,agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description
Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 206 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 23 kDa. The amino acid sequence of the recombinant human FGF19 is 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence of the human FGF19 without signal sequence and contains his tag at N-terminal. The FGF-19 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Introduction
The FGF family encompasses over 20 small (~17–26 kDa) secreted peptides known for their ability to stimulate fibroblast proliferation. This mitogenic activity is mediated through FGF receptors (FGFRs) 1, 2, or 3. A fourth related tyrosine kinase receptor, FGFR4, can bind FGFs but does not induce a mitogenic response.
FGFs regulate cellular activity through at least five distinct subfamilies of high-affinity FGFRs: FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4, all possessing intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and, with the exception of FGFR-4, multiple splice isoforms; and FGFR-5, which lacks an intracellular kinase domain. Evidence suggests that FGFRs play a role in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis. Overexpressing a dominant-negative form of FGFR-1 in β cells leads to diabetes in mice, implying that proper FGF signaling is crucial for normal β cell function and blood sugar regulation. FGFR-2 appears vital during pancreatic development. Furthermore, FGFR-4 is implicated in cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis.
FGF-19 induces resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin desensitization, improving insulin, glucose, and lipid profiles in diabetic rodents. These effects, partly mediated by changes in metabolic rates, suggest FGF-19's role as an energy expenditure regulator.
While FGF-21 is primarily expressed in the liver, its bioactivity and mode of action were not fully understood until recently. FGF-21 effectively activates glucose uptake in adipocytes, protects against diet-induced obesity in transgenic mice overexpressing it, and reduces blood glucose and triglyceride levels when administered therapeutically to diabetic rodents.
Description
Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-19, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 206 amino acids. It has a molecular mass of 23 kDa. The amino acid sequence of this recombinant human FGF19 is 100% homologous to the human FGF19 sequence without the signal sequence and includes an N-terminal His tag. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
White lyophilized powder after filtration.
Formulation
The product is filtered (0.4 μm) and lyophilized from a 0.5 mg/ml solution in 20mM TRIS, 20mM NaCl, pH 7.5.
Solubility
To reconstitute, add deionized water to achieve a working concentration of approximately 0.5 mg/ml. Allow the lyophilized pellet to dissolve completely. Note: This product is not sterile. Filter through an appropriate sterile filter before use in cell culture.
Stability
Lyophilized recombinant human FGF-19 remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. However, it is recommended to store the desiccated product below -18°C. Once reconstituted, store FGF-19 at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, keep it below -18°C. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Purity is determined to be greater than 95.0% by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Fibroblast growth factor 19, FGF-19.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MRGSHHHHHH GMASLAFSDA GPHVHYGWGD PIRLRHLYTS GPHGLSSCFL RIRADGVVDC ARGQSAHSLLEIKAVALRTV AIKGVHSVRY LCMGADGKMQ GLLQYSEEDC AFEEEIRPDG YNVYRSEKHR LPVSLSSAKQ RQLYKNRGFL PLSHFLPMLP MVPEEPEDLR GHLESDMFSS PLETDSMDPF GLVTGLEAVR SPSFEK.
Product Science Overview
Structure and Expression
The human recombinant FGF19 protein, often tagged with a His-tag for purification purposes, is typically expressed in systems such as E. coli or HEK293 cells . The His-tag, a sequence of histidine residues, facilitates the purification of the protein through affinity chromatography. The recombinant FGF19 protein encompasses amino acids 25-216, with a molecular weight of approximately 23.4 kDa .
Biological Functions
FGF19 functions as a hormone-like protein, regulating several metabolic pathways:
- Bile Acid Metabolism: FGF19 is a key regulator of bile acid synthesis in the liver. It inhibits the enzyme cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), which is the rate-limiting step in bile acid synthesis .
- Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: FGF19 influences glucose and lipid metabolism, contributing to the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis .
- Cell Proliferation: At supra-physiological doses, FGF19 can increase hepatocyte proliferation and has been implicated in hepatocellular carcinogenesis in experimental models .
Clinical Implications
Alterations in FGF19 levels have been associated with various diseases:
- Primary Bile Acid Diarrhea: Defective levels of FGF19 can lead to primary bile acid diarrhea, a condition characterized by excessive bile acid synthesis .
- Cancer: Overexpression of FGF19 has been observed in several cancers, including prostate, bladder, and lung cancers. It is notably present in nearly half of hepatocellular carcinomas .
Research and Applications
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