FDX1 Human

Ferredoxin-1 is characterized by its iron-sulfur clusters, which facilitate its primary function of transferring electrons. This electron transfer is vital for several metabolic pathways, including:

• Steroidogenesis: FDX1 is involved in the synthesis of steroids, which are critical for various physiological functions.
• Bile Acid Production: It plays a role in the production of bile acids, necessary for fat digestion and absorption.
• Vitamin Metabolism: FDX1 is involved in the metabolism of vitamins A and D.
• Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle: It aids in the lipoylation of TCA cycle enzymes, which are crucial for cellular respiration and energy production .

FDX1 is essential for mammalian embryonic development and lipid homeostasis. Studies have shown that knockout of the FDX1 gene in mice leads to embryonic lethality, highlighting its critical role in development . Additionally, FDX1 deficiency can lead to lipid droplet accumulation, affecting lipid metabolism and potentially leading to conditions like steatohepatitis .

FDX1 has been identified as a key player in various diseases. For instance, it is associated with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, a rare genetic disorder affecting lipid metabolism . Moreover, recent research has highlighted its role in cancer biology, particularly in the context of cuproptosis, a form of programmed cell death induced by copper ions . FDX1 acts as a biomarker for this process and has shown potential in cancer treatment by mediating copper-induced cell death .

Recombinant FDX1 refers to the protein produced through recombinant DNA technology, which allows for the production of large quantities of the protein for research and therapeutic purposes. This technology involves inserting the FDX1 gene into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce the protein in vitro.