Epitalon

Epitalon is a tetrapeptide with the amino acid sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly and the molecular formula C14H22N4O9 . Its structure allows it to interact with cellular components in a way that can influence aging processes.

The majority of research on Epitalon has been conducted by the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in Russia, primarily overseen by Dr. Vladimir Khavinson . This research has explored its effects on telomere elongation, a process crucial for cellular replication and longevity.

Epitalon functions as a telomerase activator. Telomerase is an enzyme that adds nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes, known as telomeres. Telomeres protect our genetic data during cell division, but they shorten with each division, eventually leading to cellular senescence or death. By activating telomerase, Epitalon can elongate telomeres, potentially extending the lifespan of cells .

1. In Vitro Studies: Epitalon has been shown to induce telomere elongation in human somatic cells, surpassing the Hayflick limit in cell cultures . It also induces decondensation of heterochromatin near the centromeres in cultured lymphocytes from elderly humans .
2. In Vivo Studies: Animal studies have demonstrated that Epitalon can reduce the incidence of chromosomal aberrations in aging mice, consistent with increases in telomere length .

Epitalon’s ability to elongate telomeres has made it a candidate for anti-aging therapies. Telomere shortening is associated with several age-related diseases and conditions, including increased oxidative stress and cancer . By maintaining telomere length, Epitalon may help mitigate these effects.

As of now, Epitalon is primarily used in research settings and is not widely available as a therapeutic agent. Its long-term effects and safety profile are still under investigation, and more research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits and risks.