DPY30 is a critical protein that plays a significant role in the regulation of gene expression through its involvement in histone modification. It is an integral core subunit of the SET1/MLL family of H3K4 methyltransferases, which are essential for the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4). This methylation is a key epigenetic mark associated with gene activation .
The DPY30 protein is composed of 99 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 12 kDa . It is expressed in various tissues and is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells . DPY30 directly controls the expression of several key genes involved in these processes, making it crucial for maintaining the identity and function of adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) .
DPY30 is particularly important in the hematopoietic system. Loss of DPY30 in adult hematopoietic cells leads to severe pancytopenia, a condition characterized by a reduction in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets . This loss also results in the accumulation of HSCs and early hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) that are defective in multilineage reconstitution, indicating a block in differentiation . DPY30 facilitates genome-wide H3K4 methylation, which is necessary for the proper expression of genes involved in hematopoietic development .
Recombinant human DPY30 is produced using an E. coli expression system and is typically tagged with an N-terminal His tag for purification purposes . The recombinant protein is used in various research applications, including studies on gene regulation, epigenetics, and hematopoiesis. It is supplied in a sterile buffer and should be stored at -70°C to maintain its stability and activity .
The recombinant DPY30 protein is valuable for studying the mechanisms of histone methylation and its impact on gene expression. It is also used to investigate the role of epigenetic modifications in the regulation of stem cell differentiation and the development of hematopoietic diseases . By understanding the function of DPY30, researchers can gain insights into the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and develop potential therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with dysregulated histone methylation.