The CSRP2 gene is located on chromosome 12 in humans . It encodes a protein that contains two copies of the cysteine-rich amino acid sequence motif (LIM) with putative zinc-binding activity . This structure is essential for the protein’s function in regulating ordered cell growth and differentiation .
CSRP2 is involved in several critical biological processes. It plays a role in the development of the embryonic vascular system and is drastically down-regulated in response to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) or cell injury, which promotes smooth muscle cell proliferation and dedifferentiation . This suggests that CSRP2 may act as a regulatory protein in smooth muscle cells, contributing to the maintenance of their differentiated state .
Mutations or alterations in the CSRP2 gene have been associated with various diseases. For example, CSRP2 is linked to Chromosome 6Q24-Q25 Deletion Syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by developmental delays and other abnormalities . Additionally, CSRP2 has been identified as a novel marker of hepatic stellate cells and a binding partner of the protein inhibitor of activated STAT1, indicating its potential role in liver function and disease .
The recombinant form of CSRP2 is used in various research applications to study its function and role in different biological processes. Understanding the mechanisms by which CSRP2 regulates cell growth and differentiation can provide insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with its dysfunction .