CDNF Mouse

Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor (CDNF) is a member of the evolutionarily conserved family of neurotrophic factors, which also includes Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (MANF). These factors are known for their neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties, particularly in dopaminergic neurons. CDNF has garnered significant attention due to its potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD).

CDNF is a protein that is structurally distinct from other neurotrophic factors. It is characterized by its unique ability to protect and restore dopamine neurons. The protein is composed of several domains that contribute to its stability and function. CDNF is known to be involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses, which are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis .

CDNF exerts its effects by promoting neuronal survival and reducing neurological deficits. It has been shown to diffuse around the brainstem and protect dopamine neurons from degeneration. Unlike other neurotrophic factors, CDNF does not undergo anterograde transport after injection into the substantia nigra but instead diffuses to surrounding brain areas . This diffusion is critical for its neuroprotective effects.

CDNF has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. In rodent and non-human primate models, CDNF has been shown to protect dopamine neurons and restore their function after toxin-induced degeneration . Additionally, CDNF has been found to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL1β and TNFα, which are involved in neuroinflammation .

Recent clinical trials have explored the safety and efficacy of CDNF in humans. A Phase I-II clinical trial found that CDNF was safe and well-tolerated in patients with Parkinson’s disease . These findings pave the way for further research into the therapeutic applications of CDNF in neurodegenerative diseases.