CD69 is a disulfide-linked homodimer with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 17 kDa. However, due to glycosylation, it migrates as 20-30 kDa under reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE . The protein is expressed on the surface of activated T-cells, B-cells, natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, epidermal Langerhans cells, and platelets .
CD69 is rapidly induced upon activation by antigens, mitogens, or activators of protein kinase C (PKC). It is also induced by the interaction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) with the p75 IL-2 receptor on the surface of NK cells . CD69 functions as a signal-transmitting receptor in lymphocytes, NK cells, and platelets, and is involved in lymphocyte proliferation .
Recombinant human CD69 is produced using various expression systems, including mouse myeloma cell lines (NS0-derived) and human 293 cells (HEK293). The recombinant protein is often tagged with a polyhistidine (His) tag for purification purposes . The purity of the recombinant protein is typically greater than 95%, as determined by SDS-PAGE .
Recombinant human CD69 is typically lyophilized from a filtered solution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and can be reconstituted in PBS for use. It is stable for up to 12 months when stored at -20°C to -70°C in its lyophilized state and for up to 3 months after reconstitution under sterile conditions .