BID Antibody
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist (BID) is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. The Bcl-2 family proteins are crucial regulators of apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and development . BID is unique among the Bcl-2 family members as it contains only the BH3 domain, which is critical for its pro-apoptotic function .
Structure and Function
BID is synthesized as an inactive precursor that, upon receiving apoptotic signals, is cleaved by caspase-8 into a truncated form known as tBID . This truncated form translocates to the mitochondria, where it interacts with other Bcl-2 family proteins such as Bax and Bak . This interaction leads to the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane, resulting in the release of cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors . These events ultimately lead to the activation of caspases and the execution of apoptosis .
Role in Disease
BID plays a significant role in various physiological and pathological processes. Its expression is regulated by the tumor suppressor protein p53, linking it to p53-mediated apoptosis . Dysregulation of BID has been implicated in several diseases, including cancer, where its pro-apoptotic function may be compromised, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation .
Mouse anti-human antibodies are secondary antibodies generated by immunizing mice with human antigens. These antibodies are widely used in research and diagnostic applications due to their specificity and ability to bind to human proteins .
Production and Applications
Mouse anti-human antibodies are produced by immunizing mice with human immunoglobulins or other human proteins. The immune response in mice generates antibodies that specifically recognize and bind to the human antigens . These antibodies are then harvested and purified for use in various applications, including:
- Western Blotting: Detecting specific proteins in a sample.
- ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): Quantifying the presence of specific antigens or antibodies.
- Flow Cytometry: Analyzing the expression of cell surface and intracellular molecules.
- Immunohistochemistry: Visualizing the distribution and localization of specific proteins in tissue sections .
Advantages and Considerations
Mouse anti-human antibodies offer several advantages, including high specificity and the ability to amplify signals, enhancing detection sensitivity . However, their use can sometimes lead to the development of Human Anti-Mouse Antibodies (HAMA) in patients, which can interfere with diagnostic tests and therapeutic applications .
