BD14 Mouse

Beta Defensin-14 Mouse Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT14286
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Beta-defensin 14, BD-14, mBD-14, Defensin, beta 14, Defb14.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 96.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

Beta Defensin-14 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 45 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 5.2kDa.
The BD14 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Alpha and Beta Defensins are a family of cationic peptides that exhibit antimicrobial properties against a wide range of microorganisms, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. These small proteins, typically ranging from 2 to 6 kDa in size, play crucial roles in the innate immune system, providing a first line of defense against invading pathogens. Mammalian Defensins are broadly categorized into three main groups: alpha, beta, and theta, based on variations in their size and the characteristic pattern of disulfide bonding within their structure. Beta-Defensins, in particular, are characterized by a conserved six-cysteine motif that forms three intramolecular disulfide bonds, contributing to their stability and functional activity. Due to their cationic nature, beta-defensins can effectively interact with the negatively charged membranes of microbes, primarily attributed to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in the cell envelopes of these microorganisms. This electrostatic interaction disrupts membrane integrity, leading to microbial death. Furthermore, beta-defensins can modulate the overall stability of microbial membranes, further contributing to their antimicrobial efficacy.
Description
Recombinant Mouse Beta Defensin-14, expressed in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 5.2 kDa, comprising 45 amino acids. The BD14 protein undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic methods to ensure its high purity and quality.
Physical Appearance
The product is supplied as a sterile, white lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder, ensuring ease of handling and storage.
Formulation
The BD-14 protein was lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution at a high concentration in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 7.4, ensuring optimal protein stability and solubility upon reconstitution.
Solubility
To reconstitute the lyophilized BD14, it is recommended to dissolve the powder in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O at a concentration of at least 100 μg/ml. This solution can be further diluted to the desired concentration in other aqueous buffers or media as needed.
Stability
Lyophilized Mouse BD14, while stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks, should ideally be stored in a dry environment at a temperature below -18°C to maintain its long-term stability and activity. Once reconstituted, the BD-14 solution should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and frozen at -18°C for long-term storage. To enhance stability during long-term storage, it is advisable to add a carrier protein such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA) at a concentration of 0.1%. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided to prevent protein degradation and loss of activity.
Purity
The purity of the Mouse BD14 protein is greater than 96.0%, as determined by two independent analytical methods: (a) Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and (b) Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Synonyms
Beta-defensin 14, BD-14, mBD-14, Defensin, beta 14, Defb14.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
FLPKTLRKFF CRIRGGRCAV LNCLGKEEQI GRCSNSGRKC CRKKK.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Beta Defensin-14 (BD-14), also known as Mouse Beta-Defensin-14 (mBD-14), is a member of the defensin family of antimicrobial peptides. Defensins are small, cationic peptides that play a crucial role in the innate immune system by providing a first line of defense against microbial infections. They are found in a wide range of organisms, including plants, insects, and vertebrates .

Structure and Function

BD-14 is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 45 amino acids and has a molecular mass of approximately 5.2 kDa . The structure of defensins is characterized by a beta-strand stabilized by disulfide bridges, which are essential for their antimicrobial activity . BD-14 exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, capable of targeting bacteria, viruses, and fungi .

Expression and Regulation

The expression of mBD-14 can be induced by various factors, including gamma interferon and transforming growth factor alpha . These factors enhance the gene expression of mBD-14 in keratinocytes, suggesting its role in the skin’s immune response. Additionally, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has been implicated in the expression of mBD-14 in mouse osteoblasts upon contact with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) supernatant .

Role in Immune Response

Defensins, including mBD-14, are released or secreted at epithelial surfaces and from immune cells in response to infection and inflammation . They act as endogenous alarmins, alerting the body to danger and promoting both local innate and adaptive systemic immune responses. mBD-14 has been shown to have a dichotomous role in the immune response, where it can either suppress or exacerbate inflammation depending on the context .

Therapeutic Potential

The antimicrobial properties of mBD-14 make it a promising candidate for therapeutic applications. Studies have shown that increasing the release of mBD-14 can significantly reduce bacterial growth in a mouse model of osteomyelitis, a severe bone infection . This suggests that mBD-14 could be a potential therapeutic target for treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

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