ATP5O Human
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
ATP Synthase Subunit O, also known as the Oligomycin Sensitivity Conferral Protein (OSCP), is a component of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex (Complex V). This enzyme complex is crucial for ATP production in cells through oxidative phosphorylation. The ATP synthase complex is composed of multiple subunits, and Subunit O is part of the peripheral stalk, which helps stabilize the complex during ATP synthesis .
The ATP synthase complex consists of two main structural domains: F1 and F0. The F1 domain contains the catalytic core, while the F0 domain forms the membrane proton channel. Subunit O is part of the F0 domain and plays a role in linking the catalytic core to the proton channel. This connection is essential for the transmission of conformational changes that drive ATP synthesis .
ATP synthase is responsible for producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) using the energy generated by the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane. This process is known as chemiosmotic coupling. Subunit O contributes to the stability and proper functioning of the ATP synthase complex, ensuring efficient ATP production .
The ATP synthase complex operates through a rotary mechanism. Protons flow through the F0 domain, causing the central stalk to rotate. This rotation induces conformational changes in the F1 domain, leading to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. Subunit O helps maintain the structural integrity of the complex during this process, allowing for efficient energy conversion .
The activity of ATP synthase is regulated by various factors, including the availability of ADP and Pi, the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane, and the overall energy demands of the cell. Additionally, ATP synthase can be inhibited by specific compounds, such as oligomycin, which binds to the F0 domain and prevents proton flow, thereby halting ATP production .
The human recombinant form of ATP Synthase Subunit O is produced using recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the gene encoding Subunit O into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce the protein in large quantities. Recombinant Subunit O is used in research to study the structure and function of the ATP synthase complex, as well as in drug development to identify potential inhibitors of ATP synthesis .
