ALDH2 Antibody

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the detoxification of aldehydes, which are highly reactive and potentially toxic compounds. ALDH2 is part of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family, which is involved in the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. This enzyme is particularly important in the metabolism of ethanol, where it converts acetaldehyde, a toxic intermediate, into acetate, a less harmful substance.

ALDH2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that is encoded by the ALDH2 gene located on chromosome 12 in humans. The enzyme is composed of 517 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 56 kDa. ALDH2 functions as a homotetramer, meaning it forms a complex of four identical subunits. Each subunit contains an active site where the oxidation of aldehydes takes place.

The primary function of ALDH2 is to catalyze the conversion of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. This reaction involves the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). The detoxification of acetaldehyde, a byproduct of alcohol metabolism, is one of the most well-known functions of ALDH2. Deficiency or mutations in ALDH2 can lead to the accumulation of acetaldehyde, resulting in adverse effects such as facial flushing, nausea, and an increased risk of certain cancers.

The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody is a monoclonal antibody that is specifically designed to recognize and bind to the human ALDH2 enzyme. Monoclonal antibodies are produced by identical immune cells that are clones of a unique parent cell, ensuring specificity and uniformity in their binding properties. The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody is typically produced by immunizing mice with human ALDH2 protein, followed by the isolation and cloning of antibody-producing cells.

This antibody is widely used in research and diagnostic applications to detect the presence and quantify the levels of ALDH2 in various biological samples. It is commonly employed in techniques such as western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The specificity of the mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody allows researchers to study the expression and localization of ALDH2 in different tissues and under various physiological and pathological conditions.

The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the role of ALDH2 in health and disease. Some key areas of research where this antibody has been utilized include:

1. Cancer Research: ALDH2 has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of various cancers. Studies have shown that ALDH2-mediated aldehyde metabolism promotes tumor immune evasion by regulating the NOD/VISTA axis . The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody has been used to investigate the expression of ALDH2 in tumor tissues and its impact on tumor growth and immune response.

2. Alcohol Metabolism: Research on alcohol metabolism has greatly benefited from the use of the mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody. By detecting and quantifying ALDH2 levels, researchers can study the effects of ALDH2 deficiency or mutations on alcohol metabolism and related health issues, such as alcohol-induced liver damage and increased cancer risk.

3. Cardiovascular Diseases: ALDH2 has been shown to play a protective role in cardiovascular diseases by detoxifying reactive aldehydes generated during oxidative stress. The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody has been used to explore the cardioprotective effects of ALDH2 and its potential as a therapeutic target for conditions such as myocardial infarction and heart failure.

4. Neurodegenerative Diseases: Emerging evidence suggests that ALDH2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The mouse anti human ALDH2 antibody has been employed in studies investigating the role of ALDH2 in neuronal health and its potential as a biomarker for neurodegenerative conditions.