ACTH
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Description
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
ACTH is derived from a precursor protein called pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). The cleavage of POMC produces ACTH along with other peptides such as melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and β-endorphin . The production and release of ACTH are regulated by the hypothalamus through the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). When CRH is released, it stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to secrete ACTH .
The primary function of ACTH is to stimulate the adrenal glands to produce and release cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone often referred to as the "stress hormone" . Cortisol has several vital functions, including:
- Regulating the body’s stress response
- Controlling the use of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates (metabolism)
- Suppressing inflammation
- Regulating blood pressure
- Regulating blood sugar levels
- Helping control the sleep-wake cycle
In addition to cortisol, ACTH also stimulates the adrenal glands to release androgens, which are sex hormones .
Abnormal levels of ACTH can indicate various medical conditions. For instance, elevated ACTH levels can be a sign of primary adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison’s disease), where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol . Conversely, low ACTH levels can indicate secondary adrenal insufficiency, often due to an impairment of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus .
In some cases, ACTH is used as a medication and diagnostic agent. For example, it can be administered to test the adrenal glands’ response in diagnosing adrenal insufficiency .
