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The AAMDC gene encodes a protein that contains the Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum-938 (Mth938) domain, which is highly conserved across various species, including humans, mice, rats, cows, chickens, and zebrafish . This domain is crucial for the protein’s function in adipogenesis.
AAMDC is highly expressed in adipose tissue and is involved in the positive regulation of fat cell differentiation . It acts upstream of or within the negative regulation of the apoptotic process and the positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II . The protein is predicted to be active in the cytoplasm.
Studies have shown that overexpression of AAMDC promotes the activity of transcription factors such as Elk1 and Jun, likely through the MAPK pathway . Additionally, it enhances the transcription activity of CREB1, a protein necessary for adipogenic conversion of preadipocytes . Overexpression of AAMDC reduces the proliferation of preadipocytes and promotes their differentiation into adipocytes, while knockdown of AAMDC increases apoptosis during adipogenesis .
The recombinant form of the AAMDC protein is used in various research applications to study its function and role in adipogenesis. Researchers utilize techniques such as RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and confocal microscopy to investigate the expression and localization of AAMDC in different tissues .